Dec 5, 2020 · Liz Golyar sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Cari Farver: Part 11 According to author Leslie Rule, who has letters Golyar wrote to her from prison, Golyar maintains her innocence and ... Holly Gallier, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, Beaumont, TX, 77706, (409) 215-3286, As my client, I hope to provide you with an open and safe space to be able to begin to understand ...Michael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, VA departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife Julia Meade Gallier, their son Benjamin (Rebecca), and granddaughters Claire andNov 19, 2013 · Perry D. Gallier, 57, of Vidor died Tuesday, November 19, 2013 at Baptist Hospital of Southeast Texas in Beaumont. A native of Beaumont, TX, he was a longtime resident of Vidor. Perry was an avid fisherman and hunter. He was a member of Eastgate United Pentecostal Church in Vidor. Funeral services will be held at 2:00... Dec 28, 2022 · Ray Rapheal Gallier, Jr., 87, of Cheek, died Monday, December 26, 2022. He was born on January 21, 1935, to Emily and Ray Gallier, Sr. Ray married the love of his life, Alene Louise Rutledge on June 9 Holly Gallier, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, Beaumont, TX, 77706, (409) 215-3286, As my client, I hope to provide you with an open and safe space to be able to begin to understand ...Gallier offers an introduction to affine geometry, projective geometry, Euclidean geometry, basics of differential geometry and Lie groups, and a glimpse of computational geometry (convex sets, Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulations) and explores many of the practical applications of geometry.Michael GallierMichael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, Va., departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife, Julia Meade Gallier; their son, Benjamin (Rebecca); and granddauLast name: Gallier. SDB Popularity ranking: 15224. This interesting surname is of Old French origin, and is a Central French form of Waller, which derives from the Anglo-Norman French "wall (i)er", from the Old French "galure, galier", a coxcomb, spark, usually given to someone who was good-humoured or of pleasant temperament. The name is also ...Jun 20, 2023 · Gallier Hall (545 St. Charles Ave.). Located on Lafayette Square in Downtown, the beautiful Gallier Hall served as New Orleans City Hall for over a century.The building was named for its architect, James Gallier, Sr. (who also constructed the famous Pontalba Apartments) and has played host to many famous guests – both living and deceased during their visits. Books in Progress. Algebra, Topology, Differential Calculus, and. Optimization Theory for Computer Science and Machine Learning Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance.In a youth culture intrigued by the paranormal yet often skeptical of biblical claims, Laura Gallier seeks to bring awareness and understanding to issues surrounding the supernatural. Having battled her own enemies of the soul throughout her teen and young adult years, she is on a mission to expose deception with the light of truth, bringing ...The Martin Gallier Project was founded in 2017 by Jessica Gallier. Following the loss of her father to suicide in February 2017 Jess found herself dedicated to preventing suicides and supporting bereaved families. Jess set out on a mission to "Prevent suicides, break down stigmas and support families in the North West". Last name: Gallier. SDB Popularity ranking: 15224. This interesting surname is of Old French origin, and is a Central French form of Waller, which derives from the Anglo-Norman French "wall (i)er", from the Old French "galure, galier", a coxcomb, spark, usually given to someone who was good-humoured or of pleasant temperament. The name is also ...ABC’s ’20/20: A Tangled Web’ examines the brutal case of Cari Farver, who disappeared from Council Bluffs, Iowa, on November 13, 2012, never to be seen again. But the strangest part was that text messages from her number did arrive in several of her friends and family members’ phones, all claiming that she had embarked […]GitHub - akhauriyash/MathForCS_ML: Contains important notes ...In this paper, we present a new general way of proving decidability of multi-modal modal logics. This method relies on the result of Ganzinger, Meyer and Veanes [14], that a monadic two-variable guarded fragment GF2 mon of classical first-order logic, where guard relations satisfy conditions that can be expressed as monadic secondorder definable closure constraints, is decidable. Apr 29, 2015 · After Gallier built the City Hall for the Third Municipality (now known simply as Gallier Hall) he retired due to failing eyesight. 16 years later, Gallier died on a ship sunk by a hurricane off ... Jun 20, 2023 · Gallier Hall (545 St. Charles Ave.). Located on Lafayette Square in Downtown, the beautiful Gallier Hall served as New Orleans City Hall for over a century.The building was named for its architect, James Gallier, Sr. (who also constructed the famous Pontalba Apartments) and has played host to many famous guests – both living and deceased during their visits. Shop affordable home décor and stylish, chic furniture at Z Gallerie. Browse our collection of modern furniture, bedding, art and more or visit us in store!Become a Member Gallier House, built in 1860 by famous architect James Gallier, Jr. is a Victorian townhouse and slave quarters in the French Quarter. Guided tours feature architectural innovations and 19th-century daily life Wed - Mon 9:30am-3:30pm.GALLIER, Richard B., Sr., "Rick," entered into heaven July 26, 2021. Rick was born February 18, 1950 in Lynchburg, Va. to the late Susie and Sterling Gallier of Appomattox, Va. Rick is survived by hisABC’s ’20/20: A Tangled Web’ examines the brutal case of Cari Farver, who disappeared from Council Bluffs, Iowa, on November 13, 2012, never to be seen again. But the strangest part was that text messages from her number did arrive in several of her friends and family members’ phones, all claiming that she had embarked […]Specialties: Located right off Bourbon Street (at 129 Carondelet St), Gallier’s restaurant offers a full dining experience that includes Great Seafood, Oysters (On the Half Shell or Charbroiled), Cajun Breakfast, fresh daily Fish, Gumbo, Red Beans & Rice, Crab Cakes, Po-Boys and much more.. We also have an amazing happy hour! Established in 2017. Gallier is located right off the Bourbon ...Gallier Hall (545 St. Charles Ave.). Located on Lafayette Square in Downtown, the beautiful Gallier Hall served as New Orleans City Hall for over a century.The building was named for its architect, James Gallier, Sr. (who also constructed the famous Pontalba Apartments) and has played host to many famous guests – both living and deceased during their visits.William was born on September 21 1850, in La Belle, Jefferson, Texas, United States. Alvina was born on November 10 1849, in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, United States of America. William had 12 siblings: J H Gallier, Bertha McPherson (born Gallier) and 10 other siblings. William passed away on month day 1941, at age 66 in death ... Gallier House is a restored 19th-century historic house museum located on Royal Street in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana . It was originally the home of prominent New Orleans architect, James Gallier Jr. Construction began in 1857 and he moved in with his wife and children in 1860. The fully furnished house includes a courtyard ...He will lie in state at Gallier Hall Monday from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m., followed by a celebration of life ceremony. On Tuesday, visitation will be from 10 a.m. at the Blessed Trinity Catholic Church ...Theresa Rohleder Gallier on October 13, 2017. He had battled Pancreatic Cancer for a year. Larry was born February 17, 1959, in Lynchburg, VA, to Lawrence E. Gallier and Betty Owens Gallier, who ...Hermann-Grima + Gallier Historic Houses, managed by The Woman's Exchange, preserves two 19th century French Quarter homes and, through their architecture, collections, and history, inspires discourse about our collective past and its relevance to our present and future. Specialties: Gallier Historic House is a National Historic Landmark and a stunning example of a 19th-century upper class townhome and attached slave quarters in the French Quarter. Established in 1860. Gallier Historic House is an architectural gem decorated in the Victorian style. Completed in 1860, Gallier House was designed by famed Crescent City architect, James Gallier, Jr. As a family ...Kathryn used her tenacity, creatitivity, and enthusiaism to help create the positive image of our program and was able to communicate that to others. She works well with the team and on her own ...Les GALLIER, naissances en France . Total des naissances pour le patronyme GALLIER : 1891 - 1915 : 399 1916 - 1940 : 524 1941 - 1965 : 661 1966 - 1990 : 579 2 163 personnes nées en France depuis 1890, dans 77 départements - Voir le détail par départements et par communesJul 9, 2023 · Tonya Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Tonya Gallier`s professional experience began in 2001. Since then Tonya has changed 2 companies and 2 roles. Currently, Tonya Gallier works as a Processing Leader at FritoLay. One of the best-preserved historic homes in the city, the Gallier House was built over 150 years ago and reflected the then-cutting-edge interior design. The house is operated as a museum alongside the Hermann-Grima House ; visitors can marvel at period furniture and architectural details, and learn about both the Gallier family and the slaves ... In this paper, we present a new general way of proving decidability of multi-modal modal logics. This method relies on the result of Ganzinger, Meyer and Veanes [14], that a monadic two-variable guarded fragment GF2 mon of classical first-order logic, where guard relations satisfy conditions that can be expressed as monadic secondorder definable closure constraints, is decidable.The Gallier House was built in 1859 for architect James Gallier Jr. and his family. The beautiful front and rear parlor are styled in Victorian era décor. Elaborate crown molding, original gasaliers and a kitchen with a gas range &copper broiler to heat water for the bathtub upstairs are some of the unique features of this wonderful home.Feb 16, 2022 · English: The Gauls were a European tribe in the classical era. In recorded history they inhabited two locations - France (known as 'Gaul'), and Anatolia (known as 'Galitea'). The term 'Gaul' can thus also refer to people from the area called Gaul, including both Celts and Gallo-romans. Mostly archeological finds. Now $318 (Was $̶3̶7̶4̶) on Tripadvisor: Sonder The Gallier, New Orleans. See 13 traveler reviews, 15 candid photos, and great deals for Sonder The Gallier, ranked #29 of 127 specialty lodging in New Orleans and rated 5 of 5 at Tripadvisor.Jean Gallier Geometric Methods and Applications for Computer Science and Engineering, Second Edition March 28, 2011 Springer Dec 21, 2021 · Gallier House (1132 Royal Street): This 19th-century home built by James Gallier Jr. in 1861 is now a museum and is the inspiration for the home of the vampires Lestat, Louis, and Claudia. In a 2014 Facebook post Rice wrote,“I've toured the Gallier House many a time thinking, ah, this is where Louis and Lestat and Claudia live in my heart…” Nov 19, 2013 · Perry D. Gallier, 57, of Vidor died Tuesday, November 19, 2013 at Baptist Hospital of Southeast Texas in Beaumont. A native of Beaumont, TX, he was a longtime resident of Vidor. Perry was an avid fisherman and hunter. He was a member of Eastgate United Pentecostal Church in Vidor. Funeral services will be held at 2:00... Mar 30, 2022 · Jeffrey Gallier's passing on Monday, March 28, 2022 has been publicly announced by CARNES BROTHERS FUNERAL HOME - GALVESTON in Galveston, TX.Legacy invites you to offer condolences and share memories William was born on September 21 1850, in La Belle, Jefferson, Texas, United States. Alvina was born on November 10 1849, in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, United States of America. William had 12 siblings: J H Gallier, Bertha McPherson (born Gallier) and 10 other siblings. William passed away on month day 1941, at age 66 in death ...Gallier Hall. This facility is used mainly as the official reception hall for the Mayor but is rented regularly for dinner parties, wedding receptions, balls, movie shoots and various meetings. It is also one of the primary sites for Mardi Gras parties and activities. 545 St. Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70130 Office (504) 658-3627Shannon Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Shannon Gallier`s professional experience began in 2005. Since then Shannon has changed 5 companies and 5 roles. Currently, Shannon Gallier works as a Director of Music at St James Episcopal Church.Michael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, VA departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife Julia Meade Gallier, their son Benjamin (Rebecca), and granddaughters Claire and Sonder The Gallier offers a fantastic location, putting you just a 5-minute walk from Canal Street and Bourbon Street. Apartments feature conveniences like kitchens, along with flat-screen TVs and designer toiletries. The property is just a short walk from public transportation: Canal at Carondelet Stop and Canal at Bourbon Stop are steps away.Jessica Gallier - Founder & CEO. Jess is a qualified ASIST trainer with a background in Business Development & Marketing. Jess left her Business Development career in October 2017 following her father’s suicide. Jess started The Martin Gallier Project with the aim to reduce the number of suicides in the local area, whilst breaking down ... Specialties: Gallier Historic House is a National Historic Landmark and a stunning example of a 19th-century upper class townhome and attached slave quarters in the French Quarter. Established in 1860. Gallier Historic House is an architectural gem decorated in the Victorian style. Completed in 1860, Gallier House was designed by famed Crescent City architect, James Gallier, Jr. As a family ... Jean Gallier Kostas Daniilidis This paper presents two new, efficient solutions to the two-view, relative pose problem from three image point correspondences and one common reference direction. Dec 28, 2022 · Ray Rapheal Gallier, Jr., 87, of Cheek, died Monday, December 26, 2022. He was born on January 21, 1935, to Emily and Ray Gallier, Sr. Ray married the love of his life, Alene Louise Rutledge on June 9 Nov 19, 2013 · Perry D. Gallier, 57, of Vidor died Tuesday, November 19, 2013 at Baptist Hospital of Southeast Texas in Beaumont. A native of Beaumont, TX, he was a longtime resident of Vidor. Perry was an avid fisherman and hunter. He was a member of Eastgate United Pentecostal Church in Vidor. Funeral services will be held at 2:00... Oct 23, 2011 · Public records for Hannah Gallier range in age from 27 years old to 90 years old. Possible relatives for Hannah Gallier include Marlene Ritchie, Scott Ritchie, Douglas Bucy and several others. A phone number associated with this person is (804) 741-0233 in the local area code 804. 2228 Gallier St is a 1,950 square foot house on a 10,080 square foot lot with 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. This home is currently off market. Based on Redfin's New Orleans data, we estimate the home's value is $122,995. Hermann-Grima + Gallier Historic Houses, managed by The Woman’s Exchange, preserves two 19th-century French Quarter homes and, through their architecture, collections, and history, inspires discourse about our collective past and its relevance to our present and future.Shannon Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Shannon Gallier`s professional experience began in 2005. Since then Shannon has changed 5 companies and 5 roles. Currently, Shannon Gallier works as a Director of Music at St James Episcopal Church.Aug 2, 2022 · ABC’s ’20/20: A Tangled Web’ examines the brutal case of Cari Farver, who disappeared from Council Bluffs, Iowa, on November 13, 2012, never to be seen again. But the strangest part was that text messages from her number did arrive in several of her friends and family members’ phones, all claiming that she had embarked […] Michael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, VA departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife Julia Meade Gallier, their son Benjamin (Rebecca), and granddaughters Claire and Feb 16, 2022 · English: The Gauls were a European tribe in the classical era. In recorded history they inhabited two locations - France (known as 'Gaul'), and Anatolia (known as 'Galitea'). The term 'Gaul' can thus also refer to people from the area called Gaul, including both Celts and Gallo-romans. Mostly archeological finds. Mar 11, 2018 · Mar 11, 2018. 1 of 48. Designed by acclaimed architect James Gallier and dedicated in 1853, Gallier Hall on St. Charles Avenue served as the cityÕs seat of government for 100 years, and the ... Michael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, VA departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife Julia Meade Gallier, their son Benjamin (Rebecca), and granddaughters Claire and Jul 9, 2023 · Tonya Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Tonya Gallier`s professional experience began in 2001. Since then Tonya has changed 2 companies and 2 roles. Currently, Tonya Gallier works as a Processing Leader at FritoLay. Jean Gallier Discrete Mathematics December 11, 2010 Springer. To my family, especially Anne and Mia, for their love and endurance. Preface The curriculum of most ... Theresa Rohleder Gallier on October 13, 2017. He had battled Pancreatic Cancer for a year. Larry was born February 17, 1959, in Lynchburg, VA, to Lawrence E. Gallier and Betty Owens Gallier, who ...The Gallier family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. The most Gallier families were found in United Kingdom in 1891. In 1840 there were 2 Gallier families living in Louisiana. This was about 50% of all the recorded Gallier's in USA. Louisiana had the highest population of Gallier families in 1840.Shanna Golyar Murdered Cari Farver & Stole Her Identity to Cover Up the Crime. Cari Lea Farver, a 37-year-old woman from Iowa, disappeared on November 13, 2012, after she was last seen leaving her ...In a youth culture intrigued by the paranormal yet often skeptical of biblical claims, Laura Gallier seeks to bring awareness and understanding to issues surrounding the supernatural. Having battled her own enemies of the soul throughout her teen and young adult years, she is on a mission to expose deception with the light of truth, bringing ...Episode One of American Horror Story: Coven opens within Madame Lalaurie’s mansion in 1834. Later in the episode the witches tour the modern-day home-turned-museum. In reality the legendary Lalaurie Mansion is still a private home. The Hermann-Grima House stands in for the lavish interiors while our sister home, Gallier House, represents the ... Founded in 1979 and with holdings spanning nearly 200 years, SEAA collects professional records documenting Louisiana, metropolitan New Orleans, and selected parts of the Gulf South. SEAA’s holdings include work by James Gallier, Henry Howard, and other architects who shaped the antebellum city; James Freret and Thomas Sully, from the latter ...Jean Gallier Kostas Daniilidis This paper presents two new, efficient solutions to the two-view, relative pose problem from three image point correspondences and one common reference direction. Gallier's Restaurant & Oyster Bar, New Orleans, Louisiana. 2,055 likes · 24 talking about this · 9,802 were here. Gallier’s - Seafood & Southern Cuisine. Specialty Oysters and Coctails. Couple of... Kathryn used her tenacity, creatitivity, and enthusiaism to help create the positive image of our program and was able to communicate that to others. She works well with the team and on her own ... Email: [email protected] Telephone: (215) 898-4405 Ancestor "Billy the Kid" Gallier (from Wyoming) - Also a member of: Department of Mathematics. Center for Human Modelling and Simulation. Institute for Research in Cognitive Science. Gran Paradiso (Italy, 2013) Col Rosset (3023 m) Holly Gallier, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, Beaumont, TX, 77706, (409) 215-3286, As my client, I hope to provide you with an open and safe space to be able to begin to understand ...Gallier Hall, just off of Lafayette Square, is the spot for many events, including a charity event on National Sandwich Day in 2019. STAFF PHOTO BY MAX BECHERER FacebookMichael S. Gallier, 67, of King George, Va., departed this life on June 20, 2023. His survivors include his loving wife, Julia Meade Gallier, their son, Benjamin (Rebecca), and granddaughters ...Holly Gallier, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, Beaumont, TX, 77706, (409) 215-3286, As my client, I hope to provide you with an open and safe space to be able to begin to understand ...Sep 3, 2019 · In a youth culture intrigued by the paranormal yet often skeptical of biblical claims, Laura Gallier seeks to bring awareness and understanding to issues surrounding the supernatural. Having battled her own enemies of the soul throughout her teen and young adult years, she is on a mission to expose deception with the light of truth, bringing ... Perry D. Gallier, 57, of Vidor died Tuesday, November 19, 2013 at Baptist Hospital of Southeast Texas in Beaumont. A native of Beaumont, TX, he was a longtime resident of Vidor. Perry was an avid fisherman and hunter. He was a member of Eastgate United Pentecostal Church in Vidor. Funeral services will be held at 2:00...For years, Farver’s family and boyfriend received messages from accounts purported to be her while another woman, Shanna “Liz” Golyar, reported to law enforcement that Farver was harassing ...Jean Gallier Geometric Methods and Applications for Computer Science and Engineering, Second Edition March 28, 2011 Springer. To my wife, Anne, my children, Mia ...Dec 5, 2020 · Liz Golyar sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Cari Farver: Part 11 According to author Leslie Rule, who has letters Golyar wrote to her from prison, Golyar maintains her innocence and ... The Gallier House was built in 1859 for architect James Gallier Jr. and his family. The beautiful front and rear parlor are styled in Victorian era décor. Elaborate crown molding, original gasaliers and a kitchen with a gas range &copper broiler to heat water for the bathtub upstairs are some of the unique features of this wonderful home.
Jun 20, 2023 · Gallier Hall (545 St. Charles Ave.). Located on Lafayette Square in Downtown, the beautiful Gallier Hall served as New Orleans City Hall for over a century.The building was named for its architect, James Gallier, Sr. (who also constructed the famous Pontalba Apartments) and has played host to many famous guests – both living and deceased during their visits. . Hodelpercent27s country dining
2228 Gallier St is a 1,950 square foot house on a 10,080 square foot lot with 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. This home is currently off market. Based on Redfin's New Orleans data, we estimate the home's value is $122,995.One of the best-preserved historic homes in the city, the Gallier House was built over 150 years ago and reflected the then-cutting-edge interior design. The house is operated as a museum alongside the Hermann-Grima House ; visitors can marvel at period furniture and architectural details, and learn about both the Gallier family and the slaves ...Books in Progress. Algebra, Topology, Differential Calculus, and. Optimization Theory for Computer Science and Machine Learning Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance. Liz Golyar sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Cari Farver: Part 11 According to author Leslie Rule, who has letters Golyar wrote to her from prison, Golyar maintains her innocence and ...For years, Farver’s family and boyfriend received messages from accounts purported to be her while another woman, Shanna “Liz” Golyar, reported to law enforcement that Farver was harassing ...Tonya Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Tonya Gallier`s professional experience began in 2001. Since then Tonya has changed 2 companies and 2 roles. Currently, Tonya Gallier works as a Processing Leader at FritoLay.Jun 20, 2023 · Gallier Hall (545 St. Charles Ave.). Located on Lafayette Square in Downtown, the beautiful Gallier Hall served as New Orleans City Hall for over a century.The building was named for its architect, James Gallier, Sr. (who also constructed the famous Pontalba Apartments) and has played host to many famous guests – both living and deceased during their visits. 2228 Gallier St is a 1,950 square foot house on a 10,080 square foot lot with 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. This home is currently off market. Based on Redfin's New Orleans data, we estimate the home's value is $122,995.Liz Golyar sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Cari Farver: Part 11 According to author Leslie Rule, who has letters Golyar wrote to her from prison, Golyar maintains her innocence and ...James Gallier. Portrait photograph of American architect James Gallier, Sr., ca. 1860. James Gallier (24 July 1798 [1] – 3 October 1866) was a prominent nineteenth-century Irish-born American architect, most famed for his buildings in New Orleans. Gallier Hall, which he designed and once served as New Orleans City Hall, is named after him.Gallier offers an introduction to affine geometry, projective geometry, Euclidean geometry, basics of differential geometry and Lie groups, and a glimpse of computational geometry (convex sets, Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulations) and explores many of the practical applications of geometry.Jul 23, 2023 · Shannon Gallier Work Experience and Education. According to ZoomInfo records, Shannon Gallier`s professional experience began in 2005. Since then Shannon has changed 5 companies and 5 roles. Currently, Shannon Gallier works as a Director of Music at St James Episcopal Church. So my husband, son, & I went downstairs & next door to the Gallier Restaurant & Oyster Bar specifically for oysters and we’re not disappointed at all! Our son had the Taste of New Orleans sampler, my husband & I had house salads, and we three shared a dozen Gallier’s Special - three each of the raw, chargrilled, Florentine & Creole oysters.Jan 18, 2020 · So my husband, son, & I went downstairs & next door to the Gallier Restaurant & Oyster Bar specifically for oysters and we’re not disappointed at all! Our son had the Taste of New Orleans sampler, my husband & I had house salads, and we three shared a dozen Gallier’s Special - three each of the raw, chargrilled, Florentine & Creole oysters. Books in Progress. Published by World Scientific (2020) Volume I: Linear Algebra for Computer Vision, Robotics, and. Machine Learning. Volume II: Fundamentals of Optimization Theory. With Applications to Machine Learning. Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance. Jean Gallier Kostas Daniilidis This paper presents two new, efficient solutions to the two-view, relative pose problem from three image point correspondences and one common reference direction..